March 2026

Falls are a leading cause of serious injury, especially among older adults, and many risk factors are linked to foot and ankle health. Weak foot muscles and reduced ankle flexibility affect balance. Certain health problems, such as nerve damage that reduces sensation in the feet, may prevent people from feeling the ground properly. Arthritis can cause joint stiffness and pain that limits movement and coordination. Foot deformities, like bunions or hammertoes, may change weight distribution and increase instability. Vision problems, certain medications, and chronic medical conditions can also affect balance and reaction time. In addition, hazardous work environments, substance use, and physical inactivity may raise the likelihood of falling. A podiatrist can evaluate foot structure, joint motion, and gait, which is the pattern of walking, to identify problems that increase fall risk. Treatment may include medical care, exercises, bracing, or custom orthotics aimed at improving stability. If you are at risk for falling, it is suggested that you make an appointment with a podiatrist for an exam, diagnosis, and treatment.

Preventing falls among the elderly is very important. If you are older and have fallen or fear that you are prone to falling, consult with Dr. Gary Cesar from Michigan Foot and Ankle Center. Our doctor will assess your condition and provide you with quality advice and care.

Every 11 seconds, an elderly American is being treated in an emergency room for a fall related injury. Falls are the leading cause of head and hip injuries for those 65 and older. Due to decreases in strength, balance, senses, and lack of awareness, elderly persons are very susceptible to falling. Thankfully, there are a number of things older persons can do to prevent falls.

How to Prevent Falls

Some effective methods that older persons can do to prevent falls include:

• Enrolling in strength and balance exercise program to increase balance and strength
• Periodically having your sight and hearing checked
• Discuss any medications you have with a doctor to see if it increases the risk of falling
• Clearing the house of falling hazards and installing devices like grab bars and railings
• Utilizing a walker or cane
• Wearing shoes that provide good support and cushioning
• Talking to family members about falling and increasing awareness

Falling can be a traumatic and embarrassing experience for elderly persons; this can make them less willing to leave the house, and less willing to talk to someone about their fears of falling. Doing such things, however, will increase the likelihood of tripping or losing one’s balance. Knowing the causes of falling and how to prevent them is the best way to mitigate the risk of serious injury.  

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our offices located in Lansing and Mt. Pleasant, MI . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

A diabetic foot ulcer is an open sore or wound that develops on the foot as a serious complication of diabetes-related nerve damage and poor circulation. Reduced sensation in the feet may prevent a person from noticing small injuries, which can gradually develop into ulcers if untreated. Symptoms include redness, drainage, swelling, and slow-healing skin breakdown. Risk factors involve long-term diabetes, nerve-related changes, reduced blood flow, wearing poorly-fitted footwear, and inadequate foot care. Proper care includes daily foot inspections, maintaining clean and dry skin, supportive footwear, and seeking early medical attention for any skin changes. A podiatrist can evaluate circulation, treat wounds, and guide preventive care. If you have diabetes and if foot wounds or skin changes appear, it is suggested that you are under the care of a podiatrist who can help you to manage this serious condition.

Wound care is an important part in dealing with diabetes. If you have diabetes and a foot wound or would like more information about wound care for diabetics, consult with Dr. Gary Cesar from Michigan Foot and Ankle Center. Our doctor will assess your condition and provide you with quality foot and ankle treatment.

What Is Wound Care?

Wound care is the practice of taking proper care of a wound. This can range from the smallest to the largest of wounds. While everyone can benefit from proper wound care, it is much more important for diabetics. Diabetics often suffer from poor blood circulation which causes wounds to heal much slower than they would in a non-diabetic. 

What Is the Importance of Wound Care?

While it may not seem apparent with small ulcers on the foot, for diabetics, any size ulcer can become infected. Diabetics often also suffer from neuropathy, or nerve loss. This means they might not even feel when they have an ulcer on their foot. If the wound becomes severely infected, amputation may be necessary. Therefore, it is of the upmost importance to properly care for any and all foot wounds.

How to Care for Wounds

The best way to care for foot wounds is to prevent them. For diabetics, this means daily inspections of the feet for any signs of abnormalities or ulcers. It is also recommended to see a podiatrist several times a year for a foot inspection. If you do have an ulcer, run the wound under water to clear dirt from the wound; then apply antibiotic ointment to the wound and cover with a bandage. Bandages should be changed daily and keeping pressure off the wound is smart. It is advised to see a podiatrist, who can keep an eye on it.

If you have any questions please contact our offices located in Lansing and Mt. Pleasant, MI . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

Long-standing high blood sugar can injure the small nerves in the feet, leading to reduced feeling or complete numbness. This nerve-related damage makes it difficult to notice cuts, blisters, or pressure sores. Without normal sensation, minor injuries may worsen before they are discovered. At the same time, circulation problems can slow healing and increase infection risk. Diabetic foot syndrome refers to a combination of nerve loss, poor blood flow, and skin breakdown that can lead to deep wounds or even bone infection. Dry skin, callus build-up, and foot-shape changes may add further pressure to vulnerable areas. What begins as a small sore can quickly progress without proper care. Daily foot checks, blood-sugar control, and wearing well-fitting shoes are critical protective steps. Early medical attention reduces the risk of serious complications. If you have diabetes and notice numbness, tingling, color changes, or a slow-healing sore on your foot, it is suggested that you see a podiatrist for a proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Neuropathy

Neuropathy can be a potentially serious condition, especially if it is left undiagnosed. If you have any concerns that you may be experiencing nerve loss in your feet, consult with Dr. Gary Cesar from Michigan Foot and Ankle Center. Our doctor will assess your condition and provide you with quality foot and ankle treatment for neuropathy.

What Is Neuropathy?

Neuropathy is a condition that leads to damage to the nerves in the body. Peripheral neuropathy, or neuropathy that affects your peripheral nervous system, usually occurs in the feet. Neuropathy can be triggered by a number of different causes. Such causes include diabetes, infections, cancers, disorders, and toxic substances.

Symptoms of Neuropathy Include:

• Numbness
• Sensation loss
• Prickling and tingling sensations
• Throbbing, freezing, burning pains
• Muscle weakness

Those with diabetes are at serious risk due to being unable to feel an ulcer on their feet. Diabetics usually also suffer from poor blood circulation. This can lead to the wound not healing, infections occurring, and the limb may have to be amputated.

Treatment

To treat neuropathy in the foot, podiatrists will first diagnose the cause of the neuropathy. Figuring out the underlying cause of the neuropathy will allow the podiatrist to prescribe the best treatment, whether it be caused by diabetes, toxic substance exposure, infection, etc. If the nerve has not died, then it’s possible that sensation may be able to return to the foot.

Pain medication may be issued for pain. Electrical nerve stimulation can be used to stimulate nerves. If the neuropathy is caused from pressure on the nerves, then surgery may be necessary.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our offices located in Lansing and Mt. Pleasant, MI . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Blisters on the feet develop when friction, heat, or moisture causes the upper layer of skin to separate and fill with fluid. They are common after long walks, wearing new shoes, or increased physical activity. Although they may seem minor, blisters can become painful and interfere with normal movement. The area often appears raised, clear, and tender to the touch. If the blister breaks, the exposed skin underneath can feel raw and sensitive. In some cases, redness, warmth, or drainage may signal infection. People with diabetes or circulation concerns should be especially cautious, as even small skin injuries can lead to complications. A podiatrist can evaluate the blister to determine whether it should be drained safely, protected with proper dressing, or treated for infection. Treatment may also include guidance on footwear, moisture control, and targeted exercises to reduce friction and pressure. If you have painful or persistent blisters on the feet, it is suggested that you make an appointment with a podiatrist for proper evaluation and care.

Blisters may appear as a single bubble or in a cluster. They can cause a lot of pain and may be filled with pus, blood, or watery serum. If your feet are hurting, contact Dr. Gary Cesar of Michigan Foot and Ankle Center. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Foot Blisters

Foot blisters are often the result of friction. This happens due to the constant rubbing from shoes, which can lead to pain.

What Are Foot Blisters?

A foot blister is a small fluid-filled pocket that forms on the upper-most layer of the skin. Blisters are filled with clear fluid and can lead to blood drainage or pus if the area becomes infected.

Symptoms

(Blister symptoms may vary depending on what is causing them)

• Bubble of skin filled with fluid
• Redness
• Moderate to severe pain
• Itching

Prevention & Treatment

In order to prevent blisters, you should be sure to wear comfortable shoes with socks that cushion your feet and absorb sweat. Breaking a blister open may increase your chances of developing an infection. However, if your blister breaks, you should wash the area with soap and water immediately and then apply a bandage to the affected area. If your blisters cause severe pain it is important that you call your podiatrist right away.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our offices located in Lansing and Mt. Pleasant, MI . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Clubfoot is a congenital condition in which a baby is born with one or both feet turned inward and downward due to abnormal development of the bones, muscles, and soft tissues of the lower leg and foot. Some adolescents and young adults who were treated for clubfoot in childhood continue to notice foot and ankle challenges later in life. Early surgical approaches often focused on releasing tight soft tissues to improve alignment, which helped restore function at the time. As the body grows, however, those altered tissues may lack flexibility or strength. This can lead to stiffness, fatigue with activity, limited ankle motion, or discomfort during prolonged walking or sports. Changes in foot mechanics may also contribute to uneven shoe wear or callus formation. These symptoms are not uncommon and do not mean treatment failed, but they do deserve attention. Modern care focuses on restoring comfort, mobility, and balance through individualized evaluation. If ongoing foot or ankle symptoms interfere with daily life, it is suggested that a podiatrist evaluate the condition and discuss appropriate care options.

Congenital foot problems require immediate attention to avoid future complications. If you have any concerns, contact Dr. Gary Cesar of Michigan Foot and Ankle Center. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Congenital foot problems are deformities affecting the feet, toes, and/or ankles that children are born with. Some of these conditions have a genetic cause while others just happen. Some specific foot ailments that children may be born with include clubfeet, polydactyly/macrodactyly, and cleft foot. There are several other foot anomalies that can occur congenitally. What all of these conditions have in common is that a child may experience difficulty walking or performing everyday activities, as well as trouble finding footwear that fits their foot deformity. Some of these conditions are more serious than others. Consulting with a podiatrist as early as possible will help in properly diagnosing a child’s foot condition while getting the necessary treatment underway.

What are Causes of Congenital Foot Problem?

A congenital foot problem is one that happens to a child at birth. These conditions can be caused by a genetic predisposition, developmental or positional abnormalities during gestation, or with no known cause.

What are Symptoms of Congenital Foot Problems?

Symptoms vary by the congenital condition. Symptoms may consist of the following:

• Clubfoot, where tendons are shortened, bones are shaped differently, and the Achilles tendon is tight, causing the foot to point in and down. It is also possible for the soles of the feet to face each other.
• Polydactyly, which usually consists of a nubbin or small lump of tissue without a bone, a toe that is partially formed but has no joints, or an extra toe.
• Vertical talus, where the talus bone forms in the wrong position causing other bones in the foot to line up improperly, the front of the foot to point up, and the bottom of the foot to stiffen, with no arch, and to curve out.
• Tarsal coalition, when there is an abnormal connection of two or more bones in the foot leading to severe, rigid flatfoot.
• Cleft foot, where there are missing toes, a V-shaped cleft, and other anatomical differences.
• Macrodactyly, when the toes are abnormally large due to overgrowth of the underlying bone or soft tissue.

Treatment and Prevention

While there is nothing one can do to prevent congenital foot problems, raising awareness and receiving neonatal screenings are important. Early detection by taking your child to a podiatrist leads to the best outcome possible.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our offices located in Lansing and Mt. Pleasant, MI . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.